Railway-carriage of large capacity



e. PEREIRE AND G. JOLIVET. RAILWAY CARRIAGE 0F LARGE CAPACITY.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 7. 1919.

.1 392,523 Patented Oct. 4, 1921.

5 SHEETS- -SHEET I.

0 c Ff G. PEREIRE AND' G. JOLIVET. RAILWAY CARRIAGE OF-LARGE CAPACIIY.

APPLICATION FILED 'MAR. 7, I919.

Patented Oct. 4, 1921.

5 SHETSSHEET 2.

Y O ,l gz gclz jive M? G. PEREIRE AND G. JOLIVET. RAILWAY CARRIAGE OF LARGE CAPACITY;

AHLICATION FILED MAR. 7,1919- 1,392,523. Patented Oct. 4, 1921.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

G. PEREIRE AND a. mum.

RMLWAY CARRIAGE 0F LARGE CAPACITY.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 1, 1919.

Patented Oct. 4, 1921.-

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

ArromvErs.

G. PERE IRE AND G. JOLIVET.

RAlLWAY CARRIAGE OF LARGE CAPACITY. I

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 7, 1919.

1,392,523. Patehted Oct. 4,1921.

5 SHEETSSHEET 5- UNITED STATES PATENT "OFFICE.

.GUSTAVE PEREIRE AND GUSTAVE Jonivn'r, or reins, FRANCE.

RAILWAY-CARRIAGE OF LARGE CAPACITY.

Specification of Letters Patent. 7

. Application filed March 7, 1919. Serial No. 281,302.

' by cars of very "large capacity can be mounted to travel on a plurality. of parallel tracks. In carrying outthe invention, the platform of thecar is mounted at each end on a group of trucks arranged'to travel in parallel succession on' a plurality of tracks;

in parallel relation or approximately so, with each track comprising parallel lines of rails.

A yielding'mechanism is interposed between jeach groupof trucks and the superposed end of the platform to permit lateral and longitudinal displacement of eachgroup relative to the platform as the trucks follow the curvesof theirrespeotive tracks, there being an individual displacement of each truck relative to the other members of the same group. I

In the drawings, in which similar ref erence characters designate corresponding parts, I

Figures 1 to 18, inclusive, show diagrammatically the mechanism employed in carrying out the invention;

Figs. 1, 2 and 3,.respectively Show a side elevation, plan and end view ofia platform mounted at each end upon a group of four trucks; Fig. t shows an end View of a car in which the platform is mounted to turn, on its longitudinal axis relatively to the supporting trucks; 3

Fig. 5 is a plan view showing the end of the platform mounted on two successions of three trucks each with the system of interposed levers, the trucks being shown traveling on a curve;

Fig. 6is a side elevation of the same, the trucks being shown on a straight track;

Fig. 7 is an'end view of the same;

Figs 8, 9 and 10 are detail vlews showing the bearing blocks interposed betweenthe platform and the trucks to permit turning of the platform on its longitudinal axis;

Fig. 11 is an. end elevation ,showing'fthe bearing blocks in p1ace;- I p w Figs. 12, 13 and 14 show different systems of lever suspension between the platform and the trucks;

Fig. 15 is a side elevation of a truck, showing its yielding draw-bar connection with the platform; 7

Fig. 16 is a plan viewof the same;

Fig. 17 is a side elevation of a truck,

showing the link connection between the 1 same and the end of the connecting lever;

1 1g. 18 shows an end elevatlon of a car provided with a crane Patented Oct. 4,1921.

Fig. 19 is a plan view similar to Fig. 5

showing in addition the draw-bar connection between the trucks;

' Fig."20 is a plan View s milar to 2,

showing the two groups of'trucks turning;

on a curve in the tracks;

Fig. 21 is a section on the 2121 of Fig. 22;

Fig. 22 is a plan view of an end of a car broken line showing the end of the platform (in dotted. lines), the axis beam fixed in the body of the platform, thelevers pivoted to the axis beam to turn in horizontal planes, and the trucks pivoted to the ends of the levers;

Fig. 23 is a section on the broken line 23-23 ofFig. 22; a

Fig. 24 is a section on the line 24- 2 1 of Fig. 23

Fig. 25 is a vertical cross-section of the platform, showing the bearing blocks interposed between the platform and the pivotal mounting of thesupporting levers, the bearing blocks permitting the turning of the platform on its longitudinal axis as the car travels on the curve in the tracks;

Fig. 26 is a section on the line 26-26 of i Fig. 25;

Fig. 27 is a detail view showing'one of the yielding link connections between the ends of two supporting levers, as shown in Fig. 14, and an intermediate truck;

Figs. 28 and 29 are diagrammatic views showing the limited longitudinal movement of the trucks relative to the platform during the progress and stopping of the car.

. Referring more'particularly to Figs. 21

to 24, inclusive, which show a constructional embodiment of the invention, the platform of the car is formed primarily'of four longitudinal beams a; suitably connected torigid parallel relation, Extending across each end of the platform, coincident with the transverse axis a or (1 indicated diagrammatically in Fig. 2, is a cross-beam A firmly secured to the longitudinal beams 00. To this cross-beam are pivoted the levers Z Z at b, 6 respectively, to oscillate horizontally relatively to the platform. To each end of each lever is yieldingly connected one of the supporting bogie trucks 0 -0 by the link a.

The bogie trucks are divided" into two groups, one at each end of the platform, to Which the flooring transmits its weight at a serie of points in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the lines cutting all the tracks at right angles and passing under ordinary conditions near to and preferably at the center of each group of bogie trucks. In the preferred form'of construction, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 21and 22, there are four bogies in each group, but this number may be increased to meet the requirements of heavier loads, as shown in Figs. 5 and 19.

The Warping which may result from the respective location of each of the groups of bogie trucks upon the tracks for example one at a curve with super elevation or change of inclination with respect to the neighboring verticalalinement, the other in vertical alinement and in horizontal plan will be compensated. Y

Either by the flexibility of the flooring the points of junction of the latter and of each of the groups will then be'upon an axis of line a, a, Figs. 1, 2, 3, parallel with i the plane of the tracks and situated in the normal plane'of the pairs of rails before mentioned. I j

Or by rotation of the flooring upon one of the groups its point ofjunction with this latter group will then be situated on a circle C, Fig. 4, drawn in the plane already indicated, the inclination of the floor ing with respect to the plane of support of the roup of bogie correspondin trucks be inw then possible; the junction with the other group being made as before.

From each of these'lines of axis or arcs of circle, the weight is distributed over each bogie truck by .a set of levers forming a jointed parallelogram.

The system can be expanded to provide more than four bogie trucks in each group. For example in the case illustrated in Figs.

5, 6 and 7 the weight of the flooring is transmitted to the'points b b b placed upon the axis line a, to intermediate levers Z Z Z which transmit the loadto trans verse levers t, t which finally through the levers m m m *m, carry back the weight upon the six bogie trucks 0 to 0. Fig. 19 shows a development of the system to include eight bogies in each group.

Allthe points of connection of the axis a and of the levers Z Z Z of the several levers, as well as the levers ml to m, with the bogie trucks are formed of supporting surfaces suitable for receiving the corre" sponding loads, while permitting rotation around a vertical axis.

It Will be seen that in such an arrangement while running on a curve, the bogie trucks guided by the rail and maintained at a distance by the levers will be steered slightly in the manner of the steering wheels of an automobile.

In order to allow this steering without having recourse to excessive play in the various joints the rails for the bogie trucks from axis to axis will be brought together in the curves an amount such that 6 being their new distance and a the angle of the line of axis a withthe radius of the curve passing through the middle of this line of axis it is known that: e:@ cos a.

In order to facilitate the running at curves and to counter balance'the action of centrifugal force upon the flooring this latter will transmit its load to the point situated upon the line of axis a through the intermediary of inclined planes Figs. 8, 9, and 10 in the manner as carried out on certain locomotives.

When the support is on a circle the in clined planes will be situated" between the circle of rotation of the flooring and the points of transmission of the loads upon the levers, Figs. 11, 25 and 26, or again a gen eral superelevation will be given to the plane of all the tracks or better still the two methods will be combined.

Lastly in order to insure an equal distribution of the loads upon each bogie truck the use of auxiliary compensation levers may 7 be employed."

For example in Fig. 12 the flooringof four beams can turn about the axis a byineans of suitable turning joints 1", and slide upon the double inclined planes 7), the lower portions of which are connected by a solid crosspiece D, which transmits the load to the longitudinal levers Z Z, Z through the intermediary of the transverse levers t t 26, which are provided with a joint at each of their ends and may be formed ofpowerful springs. The conditions of distribution of the load for example the equality of load upon the levers Z Z Z are carried out by the aid of small balanced levers b oscillating about an axis fast with the crosspicce D,

is assured by.the intermediary of t and t owing to the Small balance lever d whose i v of buffer bars and traction bars,

axis of rotation is at the end of V. As desirable, the arms of this balance lever are equal or unequal.

Figs. 14 and 27 show a method of longitudinal balancing giving equality of load upon each of the bogie trucks on the same pair of rails;

The transverse levers t t transmit the load" to the longitudinal levers m m under the conditions already stated supportingsurface and vertical axis of rotation, the levers m m are provided with joints at each of their ends and maybe formed of springs, the equal distribution of the upon the bogies is: insured 1. By the. balance lever f and having equal or unequal arms as desired and whose axis of oscillation is in one with the intermediate bogie truck G I 2; By the proper choice of the points of applying the loads derived from t t upon the levers m m In order that the system of load distributing levers may on passing over curves possess all its suppleness a special arrangement or of traction bars and buffer bars with interposed r both by buffer upon the cross piece S would be constant-,'it P ing of the bogie. truck point of attachment of this deformation of more than 2 "angles of the; load distributing parallelo-' r V tical plane but firmly connected with the -Generally it will be sufiicient .to] attach r the bogie. trucks: to each bogie trucks belng connected to. the fl oring springs" may be employed to connect the bogie trucks with the flooring.

isiconnected with the flooring bars and traction. bars of the. type'g, or g? comprising springs the conne-ctionbeing formed at'the small floorto; transverse pieces S, S firmly fixed to the main flooring.

' By reason, of the connection of the bogie trucks with the flooring bya system of levers forming a parallelogram the'distance from the center of thebogie'trucks to the point of attachment of the. bufier and traction bar bogie truck 0 this bar were not'provided with springs the cross piece S;being placed in the vertical plane'of the line of the points of attachment of the flooring upon the arrangement of load distributing levers.

The connecting bars, may beeither single with ajoint at each end and an interposed spring as shown atformed of an arrangement of levers g g, B, the traction and buffer springs receiving the action ofthe socket which carries the joint of the lever B. This latter method 7 allows the bogie trucks to be attached upon thecrosspiece S, moved from the lineof the points of attachment of. the flooring when theradius of'the' curves does not lead to a loads 1 For example in Figs. 15, 16, 28 and 29 the V latter upon the g, Figs. 15 and 16 orto3. in the other, each row of at. a point situatedasabovestated for the connection upon the cross piece-S of Figs. 15 p 7 and 16,

The variations of length of the connecting bars due to compression or elongation of the springs may be relatively sufiiciently small as notto require special correction arrangev slide an amount equal to the variation of length of the attachment bars.

This arrangement has the disadvantage of displacing the load P in such-a manner that its ofoscillation of the pull is in the same direction as that F.. It can therefore only. be

adopted when the method of construction of the bogie trucks is such that the relieving of one of the axles which may result from the simultaneousaction of the forces Band F will not be dangerous.

The arrangement shown in allows the displacement ofthe point of application lever m, due tothe moment with respect tov the center of oscil- Fig. 17 .(w'hich v .95 of. the lever or load distributing q small oscillating lever n), gives rise toan oblique force R, of which the.

movement with respect tothe center In order to [insure the-perfect stability, the. flexibilitywof the buflfer and traction V springs. may. be calculated in such a; manner that the movements ofR and F with respect to the center of oscillation of the suspended ortion of the bogie truck' becomes annulled. The barge. trucks maybe coupled together in the manneri of'ordinary trucks preferably .with a single central coupling acting as buffer and drawbar.

This attachment. may be without av spring asshown at K,.F;igs. land 2, but is. preferablly provided with a spring such as K. he'point at which the couplings are attached. tothe to, the. vertical groups of bogie. trucks turns on the flooring as with the coupling ,Kof'Figs. 1 and 2 or at this axis as with the couplings K ri is carriagesbut-which is equally suitable for canalv barges and ships. i v

' This'crane runs upon two superposed rails flooring 1s as near as possible:

ax s about which each of the V showsa special type'of'running" crane applicable more particularly tothes'e' K land K not necessarilyin the same vert neati t e menses,-

p the arm G and its counterwieight G is provided with'pairs of'clips G that engage the rails K K to maintain the carriage in an upright position on the car. On the upper member of each pair of clips'is a roller to bear on the adjacent rail so that the positionof the crane can be easily shifted. In the operation of the crane, any tendency to tilt is opposed by the weight of the car and its oad.

The barge carriages forming the subject of thepresent invention allow the transport on railways of considerable loads and espe- V cially those which hitherto could be only undertaken economically by water.

The application of the herein described system gives economical results greater than those obtained on existing railways.

The system is not incompatible with great and even very great speeds for the comfortable transport of passengers.

The employment of barge carriages with their unloading apparatus bringing heavy loads to the quay side and occupying only short lengths of rail will allow unloading operations to be accelerated while requiring a length of quay much less than in existing tracks. I g

Claims:

1. In a railway carriage, the combination ofa platform mounted at each end upon a group of separate trucks adapted to travel asl the trucks follow the curves intheir respective tracks. I V

2. In a railway carriage, the combination of a platform mounted at each end upon a group of separate trucks adapted to travel on a plurality of 7 approximately parallel tracks with each track comprising parallel lines of rails, the trucks of each group being arranged to travel in parallel succession on said tracks, and yielding means connecting each truck of each group with the superposed end of the platform to transmit the load from the platform to the trucks andalso operating to permit lateral and longitudinal displacement'of each of the trucks relative to the platform as the trucks'follow the curves in their respective tracks. 6

3. In a railway carriage, the combination of a platform mounted'at .each'end upon a group of separate trucks adapted to travel on a plurality of approximately parallel tracks with each track comprising parallel lines of rails, the trucks'ofeach group being arranged in parallel succession on said tracks, a plurality of levers interposed be tween each group of trucks and the platform to transmit the load from the platform to the trucks, each of saidvlevers normally extending longitudinally of the platform and pivoted between its ends to the same to V oscillate horizontally and having pivotal -connections at its ends with trucks in the same succession, said levers forming a yielding connection between the platform and the trucks topermit lateral and longitudinal displacement of each group of trucks relative to the platform as the trucks follow the curves of their respective tracks.

4:. In a railway carriage, the combination of a platform mounted at each end upon a group of separate trucks adapted to travel tracks with each track comprising parallel hues of rails, the trucks of each group belng arranged in parallel succession on said on a plurality of approximately :parallel tracks, andyieldingmeans interposed between each-group of trucks and superposed end of the platform to transmit the load from the platform to the trucks, said yielding means comprising a plurality of levers pivoted to each end of the platform in the same transverse plane extending across the 7 platform to oscillate horizontally thereon,

each of said levers having'its ends yieldingly connected to trucks in thesame s'uc;

cession, said levers forming a yielding con-V nection between the platform and the trucks to permit-lateral and longitudinal displacement of each group of trucks relative to the platform as the trucks follow the curves of their respectivetracks. I

5. In a railway carriage, the combination of a platform mounted'at each end upon a group of separate trucks adapted to travel,

on a plurality of approximately parallel trackswith each track'comprising parallel lines of rails, the trucks of each groupbeing arranged to travel in parallel succession on said tracks, and yielding means interposed between each group of trucks and superposed end of the platform to transmit the load from the platform to thetrucks, said yielding means comprising a plurality of horizontally oscillative levers pivoted to the platform and connected at their ends to form an articulated parallelogram,

of the parallelogram to the end members of the adjacefit groupof trucks and operating to permit lateral and longitudinal displace ment of the connected group of trucks relative to the platform as the trucks follow the curves of their respective tracks.

6. In a railway carriage, the combination of a platform mounted at each end upon a group of separate trucks adapted totravel on a plurality of approximately parallel tracks-with each track comprising parallel said levers being yieldingly connected at the ends lines of rails, the trucks of each group being arranged to travel in parallel succession on said tracks, and yielding means interposed between each group of trucks and superposed end of the platform to transmit the load from the platform to the trucks, said yielding means comprising a plurality of horizontally oscillative levers pivoted to each end of the platform in the same transverse plane extending across the platform, cross-pieces connecting the ends of the levers to form therewith an articulated parallelogram, and secondary levers pivotedto the cross-pieces to oscillate horizontally thereon and each of the secondary, levers having yielding trucks in the same succession, said yielding means so formed operating to permit lateral and longitudinal displacement of each group of trucks relative to the platform as the trucks follow the curves of their respective tracks. 1

7. In a railway carriage, the combination of a platform mounted at each end upon a group of separate trucks adapted to travel on a plurality of approximately parallel tracks with each track comprising parallel lines of rails, the trucks of each group being arranged to travel in parallel succession on said tracks, each truck having a limited yielding connection with the platform to have limited longitudinal displacement relative to the same, and a plurality of horiconnections at its ends with zontally oscillative' levers pivoted to each end of the platform and connected at their ends to the members of the adjacent group of trucks each lever being connected at both ends to trucks in the same succession, said levers operating to transmit the load from the platform to the trucks and permitting lateral displacement of the trucks relative to the platform as the trucks follow the curves of their respective tracks.

8. In a railway carriage, the combination of a platform mounted at each end upon a group of separate trucks adapted to travel on a plurality of approximately parallel tracks with each track comprising parallel lines of rails, the trucks of each group being arranged to travel in parallel succession on said tracks, a plurality of horizontally oscillative levers pivoted to each end of the platform in the same transverse plane extending across the platform, each lever normally extending longitudinally of the platform, and links connecting the ends of each lever with trucks in the same succession, said levers and their link connections with the trucks permitting lateral and longitudinal displacement of each group of trucks relative to the platform as the trucks follow the curves of their respective tracks.

In testimony whereof we have signed this specification.

GUSTAVE PEREIRE. GUSTAVE JOLIVET. 

